A proteção internacional do meio ambiente e de defensoras e defensores de direitos humanos: uma análise do Acordo de Escazú no estado do Pará

Abstract

This work analyzes the measures in which public policies are encouraged and implemented aimed at protecting the rights to life, integrity and freedom of defenders of environmental rights. The relationship between the actions of these defenders and environmental protection, through the guidelines of the International Escazú Agreement. In this sense, the research begins by demonstrating the current climate emergency crisis scenario in which humanity is inserted, and its impacts on the environment on a global scale. It also deals with the human right to live in a healthy and ecologically balanced environment for all living beings. It addresses the harsh scenario and the challenging perspectives of lives faced by Human Rights defenders, in a Latin American context, considering their local specificities that differentiate them from European countries. It briefly addresses the relevant aspects of the Inter-American Human Rights System, its constituent bodies and the means of action of these bodies. It addresses the issuance of Advisory Opinion No. 23/2017 issued by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, in light of the request made by Colombia ratifying the right to a healthy environment as a Human Right. It addresses the legal paradigms introduced in the Escazú Agreement in defending the rights of defenders of environmental rights, understood as Human Rights in Brazil. It relates what is established in the Escazú Regional Agreement with the promotion and implementation of public policies aimed at protecting life, physical-psycho-moral-social integrity, freedom, among other rights related to the cause of these defenders (es) of environmental rights understood as Human Rights in Brazil, through the PPDDH at national level. This is, in a more specific cut, for the performance of the state of Pará, through the PPDDH-PA (2008-2012), and the PPDDH, after the edition of Pará Law 8,444/2016, and in this context that investigates which( is) measure(s), in the face of public policies, are being effectively implemented by this member state, aiming to comply with what determines the Escazú Regional Agreement, to reverse the calamitous situation in which these defenders live(es).