A utilização do material genético descartado como prova no processo penal e a não autoincriminação

Abstract

This work aims to emphasize the figure of the accused within the criminal field, regarding the principle of non-self-incrimination, also known as Nemo Tenetur se Detegere, a development of the right to freedom against the force and punitive power of the State. This principle will be applied to the means of obtaining evidence, and in specific, DNA expert evidence. Thus, this study sheds light on the defendant's right to oppose the criminal justice system, in accordance with the principles of Human Dignity and the Federal Constitution of 1988. The debate specifies the circumstances of the DNA test even with the refusal of the passive subject to collaborate. The objective is to discuss the motivation and consequence of the relativization of the right to non-self-incrimination, in an attempt to find a solution that better reflects justice in the concrete case, without unreasonably authorizing unlimited state action, or impunity. In this sense, the work was done from the bibliographical analysis, from the doctrines of the criminal field, and from Brazilian jurisprudential review.