Navegando por Assunto "Direito ambiental"

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A aplicação dos instrumentos de compensação socioambiental no contexto da mineração na Amazônia
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2022) Penna , Gabriel Neno Silva; Brito, Luis Antonio Gomes de Souza Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2244189950353544
This article develops a research about the current socio-environmental compensation instruments in Brazilian legislation, observing the way they can be applied in the context of mining in the Amazon. In this sense, a study is carried out on the history, main characteristics, the exploration process, the supply chain, the socioeconomic relevance and the main social and environmental implications of this activity in the Amazon, combined with a study of the socio environmental compensation instruments. Thus, the research carries out, based on these studies, an investigation into the adequacy and importance of this institute for a more responsible conduction of mining in the Amazon, in addition to the practical legal representation that it assumes, in general, in the context of Environmental Law. For this, a qualitative analysis of paradigmatic bibliographical references of the discussion is carried out.
Energia solar: uma solução possível para o controle da insegurança climática na Amazônia?
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023) Cordeiro, Letícia da Gama Albuquerque; Pereira, Maria Eduarda Corecha; Brito, Luis Antonio Gomes de Souza Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2244189950353544
This article analyzes the importance of adopting effective measures in the energy sector to mitigate climate insecurity in the Amazon, given the growing global urgency in relation to climate change. The objective of this work is to evaluate whether the use of solar energy is advantageous for the preservation of the Amazon ecosystem and its rich biodiversity, aligning the country's energy sources with the guiding principles of constitutional and environmental law. To this end, the study presents the environmental problems of the Amazon region, as well as demonstrating the need to adapt to a green economic model. Furthermore, it explores the viability of solar energy as an alternative to the country's energy matrix largely based on hydroelectric plants. Finally, it was concluded that, due to its minimal environmental impacts and great potential for exploration in Brazil, solar energy offers an effective and appropriate solution for a sustainable energy transition. In the research, the methodological path of bibliographic review is used, focused on carrying out bibliographic research on books, articles and documents relevant to the topic of study.
Gestão de impactos ambientais oriundos da construção civil e demolição
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2018-06-29) Souza, Ana Rosa Tavares de; Martins, Tiago; Fonseca, Luciana
In recent years, population growth in urban areas and stabilization of the economy have highlighted a huge volume of waste from construction and demolition. With this, the impacts are great, because the waste is not always managed, the rubbish being discarded irregularly, in open air, in streams, streets, vacant lots. The legislation comes as an alliance with the environment, ensuring that there is waste management until its final disposal. Therefore, this work has as general objective to study the management of waste from civil construction and demolition in relation to environmental law, through an exploratory methodology, in which it resulted in the conclusion that greater supervision of the Public Power is required on the large generators of waste, so that there is a change in the landscape of construction waste.
ICMS verde no município de Capitão Poço
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020) Junqueira, Lucas Santos; Merlin, Lise Vieira da Costa Tupiassu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5599627735526045
The present study aims to make a brief historical recollection about the advent of ICMS [Institution of Circulation of Goods] in Brazil, making a specific critical analysis of the ICMS Ecological and the effects after its implementation in the state of Pará, as well as its purpose within the Union’s states and municipalities, thus making it possible to also analyze the execution and functionality of the called “Green” ICMS in the state of Pará by specifically approaching the institute’s operation in the municipality of Capitão Poço, outlining its ecological criteria. Furthermore, the ICMS Green acts as a tax incentive to municipalities, with the intention of making the environment more sustainable. It is through State Law 7.638/2012 that the necessary requirements to be fulfilled by the municipalities are addressed in order to define the transfer value by the State, with the intention of assisting in their economic and socio- environmental development. Therefore, this paper shows some consequences caused by the implementation of the Green ICMS in this Municipality, such as the ecological criteria met by it for the transfer of fiscal values and some positive and negative cases of deforestation in the region.
O naufrágio do navio Haidar sob a ótica dos princípios do poluidor pagador e da reparação
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019-06-18) Silva, Danilo Vetinho Gordo e; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; Rabelo, Paulo César Beltrão
One of the major socio-environmental challenges is related to the absence of legal criteria for the identification and compensation of victims of mass environmental damage. Because of this difficulty, the agreement between the polluter and victims has been used to make some compensation possible. Worth mentioning is the judicial agreement signed on 07/02/2018, in the case of the shipwreck of the Haidar Ship in the Port of Vila do Conde in the city of Barcarena in Pará, considered a judicial agreement that enabled the indemnification of the largest number of victims of environmental damage in Brazil , reaching more than 5.000 (five thousand) families. This research examines the extent to which the agreement reached is compatible with the polluter pays and repair principles. The specific objectives have focused on analyzing the legal content of the polluter pays principle and the remedy; to analyze the Haidar shipwreck case and the challenges related to the legal agreement reached to compensate for damages and compensation of the victims, as well as to analyze the extent to which the legal agreement complies with the principles of the polluter pays and of reparation. The methodology followed the guidelines of a qualitative research with documental analysis and legal doctrine. In this analysis, it was concluded that these principles could have been applied with more practical efficiency in the solutions that were obtained in the decision, taking into account particularities of the way of life of the riverside, to gauge in an adequate way the intangible necessities that these individuals also have, of course, the needs of the environment that has been degraded.
O termo de ajustamento de conduta como instrumento do princípio do poluidor pagador no município de Barcarena
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2021) Silva, Glenda Esteves dos Santos; Santos, Maria Paula Santos dos; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3383269305393137
The intense industrial mining activity has generated recurrent socio-environmental damage in the Municipality of Barcarena. The central problem of this study is to analyze to what extent the Conduct Adjustment Agreement can be an instrument for the implementation of the Polluter Pays Principle in cases of socio-environmental damage. The main objective of the research is to contribute to the improvement of TAC as a method of conflict resolution, as well as to analyze the legal content of the Polluter Pays Principle, to analyze the general aspects of socio-environmental damage resulting from mining activity in Barcarena, and to analyze how TAC was adopted in order to implement emergency measures of polluter responsibility in the specific case analyzed. By means of the deductive method, qualitative approach and bibliographic and documental research techniques, we can conclude that TAC is in accordance with the Polluter Pays Principle as a form of guidance and implementation of the principle in relation to the polluter's responsibility for the costs of protecting the environment as a form of prevention and repair of the pollution generated, with the aim of seeking a balanced environment.
O uso da energia solar fotovoltaica e o pagamento por serviços ambientais
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2022) Oliveira, Eduardo Couto Santos de; Azevedo, Sara da Silva; Ferreira, Luciano Cavalcante de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5475231517227221
This research analyzes the production and use of photovoltaic solar energy and the transition period regarding the time of payment of tariff components levied on the amount of surplus energy transferred to the local distributor provided for in Law 14.300/2022, under the prism of Law 14.119/ 2021, and thus identify it as a payment for environmental services (PES) policy. In view of this, we seek to conceptualize sustainability and its dimensions and explain the PES modalities, demonstrating its importance as a necessary public policy for the construction of a sustainable society. From this, it will be demonstrated that the installation of photovoltaic panels for transforming sunlight into electricity is a sustainable practice beneficial to the environment, and for this reason it should be considered as an environmental service capable of providing some type of payment to its user.
Principais impactos da atividade mineradora no Estado do Pará: o caso da Companhia Brasileira de Bauxita – CBB/USPAM
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020) Melo, Ana de Fátima Lopes; Bentes, Geraldo Afonso Lemos; Feio, Thiago Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6097894612420336
The laboursassociatedwith mining, storage, processing, andtransportof ore, are carried out indangerousandinsalubriousareas. Most of the tragedies and environmental damage, that have social repercussions in the field of Labour Law, are triggered by human error. These activities have great and irreversible social and environmental impacts in the region, state, country and even in the world. This body of work intends to elaborate a brief exposition of the activities that are carried out in those conditions and the dangers that are always present, in a way which takes into consideration the responsibilities in the protection of means and labour relevant to the development and follow-up of such activities, without exhausting the theme as it is extensive. Some fields of Law, such as, Constitutional, Administrative, Civil, Social Security, Insurance and even Criminal, have obtained some improvements from companies, particularly, mining companies that employ around 1 million and 100 thousand workers, throughout the country, according to the Ministry of Mining and Energy’s National Plan of Minerals. It is known that the political, financial, and economic crisis remain difficult to be solved in a short amount of time and are now aggravated because of the global pandemic of Covid-19.
Responsabilidade civil frente ao risco ambiental e o dano extrapatrimonial coletivo
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2018-12-13) Magalhães, Isa Campos; Fonseca, Luciana da Costa
This monograph deals with off-balance sheet Responsibility in the face of risk. The main purpose is to propose a reformulation in the current model of civil liability, which is linked to the past. The objective is also to study the applicability of collective moral damages in the face of risk, based on the principles inherent to environmental law, in particular, the right to the ecologically balanced environment, full reparation and irreversibility of environmental damages. It was a monograph from a jurisprudential and doctrinal research. In this perspective, the understanding adopted by the state courts and the superior court in relation to the scope of the applicability of collective environmental moral damage in face of the. In order to face this problem, we illustrate the importance of a new structure in the model of environmental civil liability, in order to internalize the new paradigm developed with the new risks that proliferate in a disorderly way, for which there is not yet the creation of significantly effective mechanisms for the protection of environmental protection. In view of this, we have made an in-depth analysis of the recent judgments regarding reparations in the face of risk, as well as moral damages, in such a way that we see the preponderance of understandings based on the status quo. It proposes, then, that the uncertainty prevails in the contemporary necessity, so that it is necessary to introduce forms of risk management, by consolidating the understanding that preventive and precautionary instruments should not be treated in a secondary way , but on the contrary, they should be used as parameters for the adoption of measures that mitigate risks, as well as proposals that provide an effective communication channel between civil society for the performance of decision-making programs. Finally, it has been demonstrated that modernity must apply civil responsibility as a model for the future, in order to achieve the effective preservation of environmental law.