Impacto das soluções irrigadoras na suscetibilidade à fratura de dentes tratados endodonticamente e com lesões cervicais não cariosas

Abstract

Endodontically treated teeth are more susceptible to fractures due to tissue loss, moisture reduction, and structural changes caused by intracanal irrigants and medications. Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) also increase dental fragility, making teeth more prone to fracture when treated endodontically. Objective: To evaluate the impact of different irrigating solutions on the fracture resistance (FR) of human teeth with NCCLs treated endodontically. Materials and Methods: Artificial wedge-shaped NCCLs were created on forty-five human premolars with a single root and two canals. Teeth were instrumented using the Wave One Gold “Medium” reciprocating system and divided according to the irrigating solution used: LCNC+NaCl 0.9%, LCNC+NaOCl 2.5%, and LCNC+Test Solution (detergent). All groups received final irrigation using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI) with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. The canals were obturated and restored, and specimens underwent a compression test. Fracture modes were categorized as favorable and unfavorable. Statistical analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, ANOVA, and Tukey’s post hoc test for intergroup comparisons (p<0.05) using Jamovi 1.8.4 software. Results: The highest mean FR was observed in the control group (LCNC+NaCl 0.9%) at 697 N, followed by the LCNC+Test Solution group at 601 N, while the LCNC+NaOCl 2.5% group showed the lowest mean FR at 585 N. Favorable fracture percentages were higher in the LCNC+NaCl (40%) and LCNC+Test Solution (26%) groups, while the LCNC+NaOCl group had a high rate of unfavorable fractures (93%). No significant statistical difference was found between tests groups regarding FR or fracture types observed. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, both 2.5% NaOCl and the detergent solution were viable alternatives to saline control, with no significant compromise in FR in endodontically treated teeth with NCCLs.