A hipervulnerabilidade das crianças na atividade de extração do açaí no rio Médio Paracuúba, em São João da Boa Vista, Ilha de Marajó/PA: um estudo sobre as capacidades necessárias ao desenvolvimento

Abstract

Absense of rights is harmful to human development. This work questions about the capabilities necessary to guarantee child development, from the identification of absense borne by children, in the activity of açaí extraction, in the region of the middle river Pracuúba, in São Sebastião da Boa Vista. For that, there is discussion about the emergence of childhood as an autonomous category, with rights and worthy of protection; conceptualization of child labor, showing the hypervulnerability of children; demonstration of the use of child labor, with records of the intensification and permanence factors; theoretical discussion on development and distributive justice, with an emphasis on capabilities, functioning and well being; and, finally, theoretical-practical application in the construction of a list of capabilities. It replies that there is no distributive justice in the investigated community and that it is possible to build a specific list of capabilities, with due justification, presenting instruments for implementation and measurement, demonstrating that the enjoyment of substantial freedoms and the redirection of absense for development and child welfare. Finally, it analyzes child labor as cultural reproduction and, at the same time, as exploitation of childhood, presenting intercultural dialogue as an alternative to solving the problem and, in the case of failure, the balancing of interests. As for the methodological aspects, the study is structured, regarding the approach, in qualitative research; as for nature, in applied research; as for the objectives, the exploratory type was used; as for the procedures, bibliographic research and field research with the use of ethnographic research.