Territorialização étnica: sustentabilidade, desenvolvimento e a efetivação da cidadania plural dos quilombolas

Abstract

In 1988 with the promulgation of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, the “quilombolas” communities of Brazil were guaranteed the final titration of the territory which they traditionally occupy, from the provisions of Article 68 of the Temporary Constitutional Provisions Act (ADCT). The realization of this fundamental right of this traditional people has not happened over the past 26 years. The lack of knowledge about the “quilombolas” communities, as well as its folklorization rooted in society are factors that hinder the interpretation of the constitutional provision, however, what has prevented more definite titration maroon territories is increasing ineffectiveness of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA). In recent years its institutional paradigms have become a major obstacle to achieving the territorial rights of the “quilombolas” communities, such are normative statements that the administrative processing of titling one entranve to obtain outright is if the current Normative Instruction 57 INCRA. This instrument provides numerous internal regulations inconsistent with constitutional precepts directions, and also ignores the Convention 169 of the International Labour Organization (ILO), ie, it became clear that currently the INCRA seeks to satisfy interests that do not coincide with the Maroons of Brazil, running, in fact, a public policy titration maroon territories. The Gurupá “quilombola” community in “Cachoeira do Ararí” in the archipelago of “Marajó” in Para state, is an emblematic case in which several losses are incurred because of the ineffectiveness of INCRA to carry out titration.