O papel do Conselho de Segurança na guerra civil do Iêmen: uma análise a partir das resoluções da ONU, entre os anos de 2015 a 2018

Abstract

The UN Security Council has been seeking to mediate the Yemen conflict through its resolutions. This paper will analyze the resolutions corresponding to the period between 2015 and 2018, namely resolutions 2204 and 2216 of 2015, resolution 2266 of 2016, resolution 2342 of 2017 and resolution 2402 of 2018. By analyzing these resolutions, the concern of the Security Council with the Yemeni crisis has been verified, considering the political, security, economic and humanitarian challenges, in addition to the quest for conflict resolution through dialogue and consultation, rejecting any type or means of violence. In addition, there was also concern about the effective implementation of the sanctions regime, imposed by resolution 2140 of 2014 and 2216 of 2015, involving the Member States, in order to play a fundamental role, by encouraging efforts to increase cooperation. The conflict in Yemen presents itself as one of the greatest and most serious conflicts of today, reaching high levels of concern and threatening some basic principles of international law. In this work a hypothetical-deductive analysis was performed based on the resolutions, and it is concluded that the United Nations Security Council, despite playing an important role in driving the mechanisms of peaceful solutions and contribute, in a way, to the peaceful resolution of conflicts, requires serious and substantial structural reforms, in particular as regards their restricted representativeness, since its current structure causes direct reflexes in the decision-making process, with consequences on late resolutions, non-resolutions and resolutions of the conflicts around the world.