Perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade infantil por sepse no estado do Pará

Abstract

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in Intensive Care Units (ICU) worldwide, with an estimated number of more than 48 million cases and 11 million deaths annually. Sepsis can be considered one of the main adverse events that impact life, as it is life-threatening and can be defined as the systemic response to an infectious disease, whether caused by pathogens. To carry out an epidemiological study that identifies the epidemiological profile of mortality due to sepsis in children in the state of Pará. This was a cross-sectional, quantitative epidemiological study that consulted the public database (TABNET) from 2021 to 2023. The sample The research was obtained through screening of data obtained from the mortality database for children in age group 1. From the consultation, the data obtained was organized and tabulated. From this, we proceeded with statistical analysis using the GraphPad software, performing parametric and non-parametric tests, to define incidence, prevalence and epidemiological profile. It is observed in the results of this research that the incidence of mortality due to sepsis affects boys and girls in the same proportion, being preponderant in the metropolitan region of the state and of mixed race ethnicity, as well as being predominant in public hospitals, however treatment in the state of Pará is being effective because the number of hospitalizations is greater than the number of deaths recorded, and the year with the highest number was 2021. It is worth highlighting that several factors influence this index, such as family income, which tends to be aggravating in families of low, the absence of basic public health, such as water and electricity, and access to the private health system, which increases hospitalizations in public systems. Therefore, it is a plausible discussion and a challenge to be met to improve the supply and public health assistance for the population, intensifying prevention and health promotion. Thus, this research makes it possible to reflect on the importance of the theme of epidemiological studies on sepsis, reinforcing both that there is no difference in mortality between patient sexes, the occurrence in greater proportions in the public service, as well as the importance of evaluating whether the reduction of mortality in hospitalized patients is due to improvements in team training, or underreporting of mortality in the systems. Therefore, it is extremely important to collect epidemiological data in the region, as this generates data and statistical analyzes that can be compared, generating impacts on community health prevention.