Percepção de pais acerca do uso de telas na infância: aspectos positivos e negativos

Abstract

Technology is the foundation of social relationships, and children are increasingly introduced to this environment at an earlier age. Researchers suggest that moderate technology use can have benefits; however, when it exceeds certain limits, it can be associated with negative consequences for child development. The present study aimed to investigate and analyze parents' perceptions of screen use and its consequences on child behavior. A cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative data analysis approach was conducted, involving a sample of 30 mothers or fathers of children aged 3 to 10 years old. Data was collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a screen use investigation, along with the Family Environment Resources Inventory (RAF). The results showed that children in the study exhibited excessive screen use, with significant results related to the child's position in the sibling order, most used screens, age of initial use, type of parental supervision, among others. The caregivers also reported noticing behavioral changes in their children, such as attention difficulties, irritability, mood swings, and insomnia. The RAF revealed low scores in the domain "Resources that Promote Proximal Processes" and a correlation between screen use and the child's gender, as well as with the domain "Family-School Connection". Benefits of screen use were also mentioned, such as learning, distraction, and entertainment. According to the parents' perceptions, there were no changes related to socialization and physical activity. It is concluded that the fact that a significant proportion of children start using screens very early and excessively suggests the need for interventions and strategies that promote more balanced usage practices that do not harm cognitive and social development.