Alterações nutricionais em indivíduos com SIDA em utilização de terapia antirretroviral

Abstract

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is characterized as a chronic clinical manifestation caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. The use of antiretroviral therapy has drastically decreased mortality and opportunistic infections, on the other hand, is strongly associated with metabolic and functional changes in the body, including HIV lipodystrophic syndrome, which causes dyslipidemias, glycemic and morphological changes, with changes in body fat distribution, as well as altered hormone levels and higher risks of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. To identify anatomical, metabolic and nutritional changes in individuals with AIDS in antiretroviral therapy. Systematic searches of Original Scientific Articles, Dissertations and Theses on Nutritional Status and biochemical alterations of AIDS carriers using antiretroviral therapy were carried out to perform the study, Lipodystrophic Syndrome and HIV published between 2010 and 2021, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish descriptors. When carrying out the research with the descriptors detailed in the methodology and in the described languages, 86 articles were found from which, after the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 articles were selected, in which it was possible to observe that most of the men evaluated were eutrophic and women were overweight, in addition to the high risk for metabolic complications due to the high cholesterol and triglyceride levels caused by the advance of infection and HAART in 50% of the evaluated patients. It was also observed that individuals with HIV are more susceptible to glycemic alterations and lipodystrophic syndrome, especially in females. Nutritional changes resulting from the use of ART are common and should be detected early through nutritional evaluation for treatment.