Cobertura do teste colpocitológico e fatores associados à não realização: um olhar sobre o programa de prevenção do câncer de colo do útero no estado do Pará

Abstract

Cervical cancer represents an important public health problem. It is the fourth most frequent neoplasm among women in Brazil. Its prevention is performed in all women aged 25 to 64 years, through the cytopathological examination of the cervix, with a screening that enables the detection of lesions and thus early diagnosis of the disease. To analyze the data on the coverage of colpocytopathological testing in women in the state of Pará, Brazil, and the factors related to non-performance of the test. Descriptive epidemiological study conducted with data collection from SCAN and SISCOLO, made available by DATASUS. The total sample analyzed was 762,492 patients, among them, the search for screening of the disease was the main reason for performing the test (95.9%); the age range of greater realization was 30 to 34 years (13.33%). Both subtypes of adenocarcinoma were more prevalent between 40 and 44 years, being in situ (18.13%) and invasive (20.37%). The level of education was ignored in 98.38% of cases. The test was considered technically satisfactory in 97.41% and, among them, 39.40% had no endocervical or metaplastic cells. The colpocytological exam is the best method of screening and preventing of malignant neoplasms of the cervix, directly impacting the epidemiological rates of the disease, due to its early recognition and treatment. Measures such as awareness of women on the subject, proper training of health professionals who perform the collection, investment in health actions aimed at women, and proper completion of the notification forms on the platform are very important to improve the rates of cancer incidence and mortality, especially in the North region, which has the highest rates in Brazil.