A importância do processo ensino aprendizagem no módulo de interação em saúde na comunidade na percepção dos acadêmicos de medicina em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no estado do Pará

Abstract

In accordance with the teaching and learning evolution process, guided by the needs and changes experienced by society, as well as by the rules of the National Curricular Guidelines, medical schools have begun the process of inserting students into Basic Health Units since the first semesters of the course as a way of mediating their contact with the Unified Health System, aiming at approximation, recognition of limitations, advances and identification of the impact of this practice on the training of future general practitioners who will possibly work in the Unified Health System. The main objective of this study is to analyze the perception of medical students about the importance of the teaching and learning process in family and community medicine, since medical students are predominantly from a higher socioeconomic level and, therefore, many may not be familiar with the situational reality of a large part of the population to which they will provide care. Thus, methodologically, this is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study with quantitative components – continuous and discrete – and ordinal qualitative components with data collected from a specific form with responses using the Likert scale in the period from March to June 2024, which analyzed the perception of students, from the second to the eighth semesters, about the proximity of professional training to the principles and guidelines of the Unified Health System, the contribution to critical reflective training, with regard to home visits, territorialization and connection with the community and team, in addition to analyzing the students' view regarding the contribution of the module to their performance and safety in professional life. A total of 282 responses were analyzed, from a total of 560 students regularly enrolled between the second and eighth semesters of the course, whose predominant sex was female (64.2%). All coefficients were statistically significant and positive, reinforcing the importance of the MISC (Community Health Interaction Module) in aspects such as the recognition that the module promotes practical integration with the principles of the SUS, especially as the course progresses. It is concluded that the Community Health Interaction Module constitutes a crucial module in the training process of general practitioners, promoting practical integration with the principles of the Unified Health System and in the development of critical reflective skills, promoting a holistic medical practice and an aptitude for teamwork, indicating the relevance and positive impact on the education of medical students.