Tendência da mortalidade materna em adolescentes no Brasil, entre 2009 e 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Maternal mortality is a serious public health problem. The Maternal Mortality Ratio (RMM) covers socioeconomic issues, level of education and access to ealth services. The main causes of death are: other complex maternal diseases, eclampsia and puerperal infection. Objective: To describe the trend of maternal mortality rate among adolescents in Brazilian regions from 2009 to 2018. Methodology: This is an observational, quantitative, descriptive and ecological study, based on the database of the Mortality Information System made available by Datasus. Values referring to the number of maternal deaths of adolescents aged 10 to 14 were collected; 15 to 19 years old and over 20 years old, in addition to the epidemiological profile, in which the variables age, race / color, education and marital status were used. Results: There was a predominance of maternal deaths over 20 years, compared to the age group between 10 and 19 years. Between 10 and 14 years, there were 124 deaths and 1609 deaths between 10 and 19 years, with greater relevance in the Northeast region. It was demonstrated that the North region had the highest MRM in the period from 2009 to 2018. When analyzing the epidemiological profile, the most affected adolescents were those with low educational level, single and brown. As for the types of abortion, the most common are: unspecified and spontaneous, the Northeast being the region with the highest incidence. Conclusion: In Brazil, in recent years, there has been a reduction in maternal deaths, in different proportions in the five main Brazilian regions, but the country still remains below its goals proposed by WHO.