Avaliação do risco cardiovascular em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico atendidos no CEMEC

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - SLE is a disease of autoimmune origin with a large number of clinical and laboratory manifestations. The pathophysiological nature of lupus involves both chronic and atherosclerotic inflammatory processes, which gives pathology an important role in the genesis of changes related to the cardiovascular system. In this context, it is essential to use the Framingham score in an attempt to estimate the cardiovascular risk in lupus patients and the interaction with traditional and non-traditional risk factors. Objectives: General: To evaluate cardiovascular risk in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in follow-up at CEMEC. Specific: To establish the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in SLE patients followed at CEMEC; 3) To characterize the epidemiological profile of patients with SLE treated at CEMEC; 4) Describe the characteristics of patients with SLE treated at CEMEC and relate it to cardiovascular risk. Methods: A research protocol was developed in which patient information is fundamental to the research: age, sex, time of illness, smoking, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL, diabetes, medications in use and type of SLE. The search for data was based on the analysis of medical records of patients with SLE treated at CEMEC. Subsequently, these data were applied to the Framingham score. Results: It was observed that of the 68 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 88.2% were female, 33.8% were in the age group below 30 years of age and 44.1% (n = 30) present a disease time between 6 and 10 years. Cutaneous involvement was the most prevalent, with 88.2% of cases. Regarding cardiovascular risk, 94.1% of the patients presented low risk, 1.5% medium risk and 4.4% high risk. The Immunossupressor / Immunomodulator class is part of the treatment of 92.6% of the patients. Conclusion: The study concludes that the Framingham score was not able to correctly identify cardiovascular risk in SLE patients.