O cadáver na sala de anatomia: visão bioética e sugestão de alternativas ao uso de cadáveres em estudos anatômicos

Abstract

Human anatomy is a basic discipline for the training of health professionals. Its importance is indisputable in the training of health professionals, especially in medical training, but in view of the great technological advances, whether in new plastic materials, which emulate organic and in new computational tools, which already apply to all facets of human daily life and that are very well applied as methodological resources in the teaching of various scientific disciplines, there was acceptance of the replacement of the corpse in the study of this science. The present work had as objective: to know the opinion of medical students about the use of cadavers and their ethical and quality implications as a teaching-learning resource and proposition of a substitute methodology for their use. Methodology: the work is a descriptive, transversal, individualized, controlled, observational, randomized study. Sample 128 students, from the first to the eighth period of CESUPA's medical course, with a number of 16 students per class. Submitted to two questionnaires, among which two videos were shown, one on methodological resources for teaching anatomy and the other, a 3D animation of anatomy, using VR (Virtual Reality) glasses. Results: in the sample there is no gender predominance, the average age was 21.92 years (SD ± 3.91), of Christian majority, with 79.68%. Regarding the use of the corpse in the anatomy room and its importance, there was a tie between the answers, with 41 of the interviewees saying that its use was essential and the same number considered important, regarding the replacement of the corpse by technological resources, the vast majority manifested conversely, 82 of the interviewed. Conclusion: the results of this study reflect a conservative position, perhaps motivated by the tradition of using cadavers in the teaching of Anatomy, but there were some inconsistencies in the respondents' responses. Thus, it is necessary to invest in more research and programs, which can increase the availability of information about the applicability of new technologies in the replacement of cadavers in the Anatomy Rooms.