Detecção do HPV nas lesões pré-câncer de colo uterino em laboratório na região Amazônica

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common among the Brazilian female population and, in global terms, it also ranks among the top positions. In 99% of cases, this cancer is caused by HPV infection, with genotypes 16 and 18 being the most involved. To identify the most common HPV genotypes in lesions classified as LIEBG and LIEAG. Samples of the uterine cervix were collected and submitted to cytopathological analysis, and those diagnosed with LIEBG or LIEAG had their DNA extracted and amplified. For HPV detection, the “Nested-PCR” technique was used with oligonucleotide primers MY9/MY11, and also GP5 and GP6; and for 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 52 and 58 subtypes typing, real-time PCR was performed with specific probes. HPV was present in 45 (90%) of the 50 patients with LIEBG or LIEAG. In the 23 patients who had LIEBG and positive HPV DNA, the most common genotype was HPV 58 (34.78%). On the other hand, in the 22 patients with LIEAG and positive HPV DNA, the most common genotype was HPV 16 (50%). Disregarding the degree of intraepithelial lesion present, HPV 16 was the most common among the 45 women with positive HPV DNA. HPV infection was detected in most patients with squamous intraepithelial lesion, with types 16 and 58 being the most common. The virus genotypes found were similar between LIEBG and LIEAG, however HPV 16 had a prevalence twice as high in high-grade lesions in relation to low-grade lesions.