Guia simplificado de orientação para o uso de recursos fisioterapêuticos nos cuidados paliativos em pacientes oncológicos

Abstract

The present study was produced on the theme of health education, with the object of oncological physiotherapy in palliative care, based on the academic view of physiotherapy students in the practice scenario of the internship areas. The interest in the study arose from the perception of an existing gap in the graduation of the physiotherapy course when relating oncological physiotherapy to palliative care and physical therapy resources and the need to improve teaching-learning in the internship area. Objectives: to elaborate a simplified guideline for the use of physiotherapeutic resources in palliative oncology care, to identify students' theoretical knowledge, to recognize the theoretical and practical skills of physiotherapy students in describing physiotherapeutic resources in palliative cancer care. The methodology was characterized as an exploratory, descriptive, quantitative study, and the questionnaire was used as a research tool. As theoretical references, studies that addressed health education, physical therapy in oncology and palliative care were used. As a result, we observed that the majority of students presented in 82.8% having theoretical knowledge on the theme; on the topic of palliative care, 51.7% of students demonstrated knowledge; on the subject of oncological physiotherapy at graduation, 37.9% of the students demonstrated that the environment for the internship would not be the most suitable for clinical practice and on the topic of physiotherapeutic resources in palliative oncology care they presented satisfactory knowledge, since most students agreed with the statements on the theme, as 58.6% of the students answered that there is efficacy in the care of a patient with permanent tracheostomy caused by laryngeal cancer who was in respiratory distress, assisted by bronchial hygiene maneuvers and tracheal aspiration. Based on these results, a simplified academic guide for physiotherapeutic resources was developed to guide students in palliative care to patients as a teaching-learning aid tool, and it was possible to observe that regardless of the previous knowledge of the undergraduate or internship location, the student has the perception about the contents of oncology and palliative care to apply during clinical practice, however there is a need for more research on the perspective of the student of physiotherapy and health education as a teaching tool and mobilization of skills in the training process of students.