Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de infecção por sífilis gestacional no estado do Pará no período de 2010 a 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection whose etiological agent is the bacterium Treponema pallidum, with systemic manifestations, curable, preventable and which can be transmitted sexually or vertically. When not properly treated during pregnancy, it can generate irreversible sequelae for the infected pregnant woman and, consequently, for the fetus. In this context, it is essential to evaluate the evolution of epidemiological monitoring of syphilis cases and pregnant women in the state of Pará from 2010 to 2020. Objective: To describe the incidence of gestational syphilis in the state of Pará from 2010 to 2020. Methodology: This is an ecological, quantitative and descriptive study, based on secondary data related to notifications of gestational syphilis from SINAN publicly available by SIH/DATASUS. Results: It was found that in the period analyzed there were 357,140 cases of syphilis in pregnancy in Brazil and 14,338 cases of syphilis in pregnancy in the state of Pará. The predominant age group in Pará is between 20 and 29 years, with 7639 pregnant women infected from 2010 and 2020. The most common color is brown in all the period, with a peak of 1173 to 1819 cases between the years 2016 and 2019. It is noted that, in relation to education, most are now 8 years old or more than a study with 399 cases in 2020. In percentage data, there was, in the decade, maintenance of most diagnoses made in the third trimester of pregnancy (45%). Of the pregnant women with syphilis from Pará, 6794 pregnant women were diagnosed in the primary syphilis stage and 1517 pregnant women in the tertiary syphilis stage. Conclusion: it is concluded that a thorough future surveillance is needed, at national and state level, to consider improvements in the management of health professionals during the prenatal evaluation, increasing the tools of early diagnosis, adequate treatment and continuous monitoring of the pregnant woman and her partnership, in order to eradicate the disease and provide a better quality of life for the mother-fetus binomial.