Sintomas da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono em mulheres gestantes do Centro de Especialidades Médicas do CESUPA

Abstract

Context: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), main sleep-disordered breathing, is currently considered a public health problem, due to its cardiovascular and metabolic complications. Pregnancy is associated with anatomical, mechanical and hormonal changes that modify sleep quality and patterns, which may exacerbate or increase the chances for pregnant women to develop obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Purpose: Assess the prevalence of symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in pregnant women attended at Prenatal Care Ambulatory of Medical Specialties Center of Cesupa between October 2018 and March 2019. Method: Cross-sectional observational study was conducted by analyzing the filling of questionnaire and scales by 50 patients attended at Prenatal Care Ambulatory of Medical Specialties Center of Cesupa between October 2018 and March 2019, and in a second phase, by data collection from respective medical records. Results: The most denounced symptom (78%) by the participants was tiredness during the day. 48.9% of the patients reported excessive daytime sleepiness and 40%, snoring. No significant correlation was found between excessive daytime sleepiness and snoring. The most prevalent age group was 21 to 25 years, while 50% of pregnant women were nulliparous and 40% were in the third trimester. There was no relationship between symptoms presented and alteration of body mass index or systemic blood pressure. Conclusion: There was a significant presence of symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the pregnant women evaluated, however, not of the most specific ones. It is possible that by factors such as modest sample size and cross-sectionality of study the results may not have reflected the importance of an improved analysis of this syndrome in pregnancy, given its underdiagnosis and harmful consequences, both for the mother and for the fetus.