Prevalência de internações de idosos por pneumonia no estado do Pará na série histórica de 2010 a 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Every individual over 60 years of age is considered elderly according to the WHO (World Health Organization), and they currently represent a large portion of society; along with aging, important changes occur in the senile individual's body, whether in the anatomy or in the immune system, causing, due to these changes, a greater propensity for certain diseases, such as pneumonia. This pathology, despite vaccination against the main causative agents of it, still demonstrates significant importance in the number of hospitalizations of the elderly. In this context, it is extremely important to further study the epidemiological profile of these elderly people hospitalized for this pathology. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of hospitalizations for pneumonia between 2010 and 2019, in individuals over 60 years of age, in the state of Pará. Methodology: This study is descriptive and quantitative, using the DATASUS as a source for surveying the numbers of hospitalizations pneumonia in the 10-year period (2010-2019). Results: Results: From 2010 to 2019, 65,220 elderly hospitalizations for pneumonia were recorded. Of the total of these hospitalizations, 49.54% correspond to females and 50.54% to males. Of the hospitalized elderly, the data showed that 50.39% are brown, 2.2% are white, 1% are black and 44.9% cases of hospitalization did not have information about the individual's race/color. In this study, the collection based on data from the State of Pará explained that Belém detained 16% of cases over 10 years, with 2017 being the year with the highest number of hospitalizations, compared to 2011 with the lowest number of hospitalizations. Followed by the capital of Pará, the municipality that recorded the most number of hospitalizations was in Ananindeua, recording 8.93% of cases. After these, Bragança holds 3.8% and Altamira 3.24%, in the period from 2010 to 2019, these being the regions with the highest number of hospitalized individuals. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that there is a variation in hospitalizations of elderly people for pneumonia between 2010 and 2019, however it still demonstrates high rates of hospitalizations of these individuals for this pathology, thus demonstrating that there is a greater need for a better strategy to reduce these numbers.