Análise transversal da casuística de câncer não-melanoma atendida no serviço de dermatologia do Centro de Especialidades Médicas do Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará (2012-2020)

Abstract

The skin is the largest organ in the human body. Among the diseases that can affect it, that is the skin cancer, which is of great relevance to the public health. To carry out a sectional analysis of the non-melanoma cancer series treted at the Dermatology Service of the Medical Specialties Center (CEMEC) of the University Ceter of the State of Pará (CESUPA, 2012-2020). Observational, cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive study. Data were collected directly from the medical records of patients treated at the Center for Medical Specialties of CESUPA between 2012 and 2020. After pre-analysis, the sample consisted of n = 65 of all patients seen, who have a diagnosis of skin cancer non-melanoma evidenced by biopsy. Data analysis was performed by comparing prevalent proportions with the “N-1” chi-square test (n = 65, ⍺ = 0,05, Cohen’s D: 0,2, test power: < 0,25) and by calculating the 95% confidence interval for the difference in prevailing proportions. The entire analytical process was performed using the R statistical computing program (www.r-project.org). In the period evaluated, it was evident that, within this sample, the prevalence of elderly people ( n = 50) was higher that that of adults (n = 15). Regarding gender, there was a predominance of females (n = 39). Addressing the phototype, IV (n = 18) prevailed in relation to III (n = 10), II (n = 5), and I (n = 1). The absence of phototype information was also identified in 46% of the collected medical records. As for photoexposure, 22 (34%) had no record of this information, while 43 (66%) had photoexposure. Photoprotection, in turn, was presented in the minority of patients (n = 3) in relation to the majority not photoprotected (n = 25), and this information was not present in 38% (n = 25) of the evaluated medical records. Going to the type of skin cancer, most were diagnosed with BCC (n = 42), followed by Bowen’s Disease (n = 10), SCC (n = 4) and, finally, 8% (n = 4) had other less prevalent alterations. The recurrence of BCC was higher (n = 9) than other types. It is possible to conclude that the general profile with the highest prevalent proportion was of elderly patients, female, phototypes III and IV, without photoprotection, diagnosed with nodular BCC, without recurrence after surgical treatment and lesion removal. However, the scarcity of complete records in the medical records proved to be a limiting factor for measuring potential associations and clarifications.