Estado nutricional e inflamatório de pacientes com doença renal crônica em estágio inicial de hemodiálise e após seis meses de tratamento

Abstract

Non-communicable chronic diseases have grown in recent years, and with it kidney disease due to the prevalence of diabetes and high blood pressure. This can be acute or chronic, the first being reversible and the second irreversible, where the patient needs renal replacement therapy. With the progression of the disease, the nutritional and inflammatory status are compromised. Diet therapy is one of the main pillars for the treatment and control of the disease. To identify the nutritional status and laboratory tests of chronic kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis at baseline and after six months of treatment. Characterize the studied population. Identify associated diseases presented by chronic kidney patients on hemodialysis. Assess the nutritional and inflammatory status of chronic kidney patients and their relationship with the duration of hemodialysis. Analyze laboratory tests performed at the beginning and after six months of treatment. The research was of a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional type, took place in a private hemodialysis clinic in Belém and electronic medical records of adults and elderly of both genders who were in the beginning of hemodialysis treatment from January to August 2020 were evaluated with survey of height, weight, biochemical tests and associated diseases. The medical records of 30 patients were evaluated, 70% male, 50% presenting associated SAH and DM as the main comorbidity. Regarding nutritional status, the highest prevalence among the elderly was underweight with 43%, followed by eutrophic status with 38% and, in relation to adults, eutrophic status had the highest amount with 44%, followed by overweight with 33 % after six months of treatment. In addition, there was no significant difference, as the p-value was 0.0654 and 0.6768 between the nutritional and inflammatory status when compared to the reference values, but there was a change in the nutritional status after six months of treatment for some patients . For some tests, the result was significant, such as for hematocrit, albumin and calcium, which had a p-value <0.0001, hemoglobin with a p-value of 0.0005, pre urea with a p-value of 0.0320 and PCR with p -value of 0.0037. The assessment was significant for some indicators, but it would need to increase the variable length of treatment in order to be able to more accurately monitor the evolution of these patients.