Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com fibromialgia atendidos no ambulatório de clínica médica no Centro de Especialidades Médicas do CESUPA

Abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome of complex multifactorial etiopathogenesis, not fully understood, being characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and by specific painful sites on palpation – tender points. Among other symptoms, fibromyalgia is related to an unfavorable evolution to the presence of psychiatric problems, such as: depression, anxiety, memory impairment, inattention associated with somatic symptoms. Objective: To define the epidemiological profile of patients treated with fibromyalgia at the Medical Clinic Outpatient Clinic of the Medical Specialties Center of CESUPA. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out by collecting data from medical records made available by CESUPA's Center for Medical Specialties (CEMEC). Results: Data were collected from 36 medical records, where 97.2% (n: 36) are female, aged between 51 and 60 years (38.95%; n: 36), residents of the urban area (31%; n: 36) and work as domestic workers (25%; n: 36). In addition, 55.6% (n: 36) had polyarthralgia as the main manifestation accompanied by sleep disorders (27.8%; n: 36). Fibromyalgia is associated with diseases such as: Depression and Dyslipidemia (both with 36.1%), Hypertension (44.4%). It was found that 72.2% of the patients did not practice physical activities as a form of non-drug treatment. Conclusion: It can be stated, in view of the data obtained, that the patients with FM followed at the CEMEC Medical Clinic outpatient clinic are mostly female, aged between 51 and 60 years old, residing in the urban area and exercising work function of housework. The symptoms appeared mainly as polyarthralgia accompanied by sleep disturbances. In addition, there is a significant association between FM and other diseases, such as depression, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Regarding non-drug treatment, expressed as the practice of physical activities, it is not performed by 72% of patients, as well as cognitive behavioral therapy, which 100% of patients do not have access to. In view of this, it is possible to state that the study is of great value to the academic community, since FM still raises diagnostic doubts, and its etiological complexity needs to be addressed individually.