Navegando por Assunto "Pediatria"

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Análise da prevalência da tríade atópica nos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de pediatria no Centro de Especialidades Médicas do CESUPA
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2021) Mafra, Bárbara Gabriel; Costa, Victória Oliveira da; Neves, Eliza Lemos Barbosa; Neves, Dilma Costa de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7230812534416350
Introduction: The Atopic Triad is formed by three very relevant and currently evidenced diseases: Atopic Dermatitis, Allergic Rhinitis and Allergic Asthma. Later, the concept of the “atopic march” emerged, which refers to a sequence of progression of atopic diseases. This concept is an attempt to highlight the relationship between them. In recent decades, there has been a substantial increase in the prevalence of atopic diseases, especially in children, which makes the subject currently relevant for discussion. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of the atopic triad in children aged 0-5 years seen at the Pediatrics clinic of CEMEC. Methods: observational, cross-sectional descriptive study, with data collection from the medical records of patients treated from March to August 2021, using a form. Results: the total sample consisted of 122 patients, with a prevalence of 19.7% (24) records in medical records of patients with any of the three atopic diseases. Among the 24 patients, the highest prevalence was of atopic dermatitis (62.5%), followed by allergic rhinitis (58.3%) and finally asthma (41.6%). Among those who have one of the atopic diseases, 11 (45.8%) have two or three associated diseases. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the prevalence of atopic diseases in pediatric patients, it is extremely important to diagnose these diseases early and treat them early, avoiding the development of severe forms and the development of other atopies that may be associated; in addition to reducing health care costs that could be a consequence of the development of severe forms and the progression of atopic gait.
Avaliando o intervalo pré-diagnóstico de leucemia linfóide aguda em pacientes pediátricos do estado do Pará
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2021) Ponte, Isabella Maria Figueiredo Tuma da; Almeida, Malu de Aquino; Fernandes, Sweny de Sousa Marinho; Neves, Eliza Lemos Barbosa
Introduction: acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in the child population. Nowadays, about 75% of children and adolescents reach a cure when diagnosed early. However, nonspecific signs and symptoms found in ALL are a confounding factor with other common diseases, delaying diagnosis. Objectives: the present study pursue to recognize the ALL pre-diagnosis time, looking for variables that may have caused a delay in the diagnosis of patients treated at the Hospital Oncológico Infantil Octávio Lobo (HOIOL). Methods: the research took place through an interview, with those responsible for the children being followed up on an outpatient basis and undergoing treatment, guided by a questionnaire previously prepared by the researchers. Results: 86 answerable were interviewed, 46 of whom (53%) were diagnosed with the disease within one month. Most patients were male (59%), predominantly aged between zero and four years old (51.2%), brown (70%), coming from the metropolitan region of Belém (35%) or from the northeast of Pará (31 %), with family income of up to 1 minimum salary (55%), and with legal responsible having completed or incomplete high school (53.5%). Conclusion: There was a statistically association between family income of three minimum salaries or more and delay in diagnosis, with an odds ratio of 8.33. In addition, the use of previous antibiotics and corticosteroids was associated with delay, with odds ratios of 3 and 2.65 respectively. The relationships of the other variables were not statistically relevant.
Linezolida e vancomicina para infecções nosocomiais em pacientes pediátricos: uma revisão sistemática
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023-06-19) Porchera, Bruno Russo; Silva, Carolina Moraes da; Miranda, Rayssa Pinheiro; Brígido, Heliton Patrick Cordovil; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0022669981080887; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1849222504854523; Gomes, Antonio Rafael Quadros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2884497966458361; Rodrigues, Cybelle Cristina Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9540610661271303
Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the efficacy of linezolid and vancomycin for the treatment of nosocomial infections in children under 18 years old. Method: Five randomized clinical trials, involving a total of 677 children with nosocomial infections and evaluating the efficacy of Linezolid and Vancomycin, were searched in scientific databases: PubMed, Bvs and SciELO. Results: The main nosocomial infections that affected children were bacteremia (BTM), skin and soft tissue infections (CSTI) followed by nosocomial pneumonia (NP). Most infections were caused by Gram-positive bacteria, where all studies showed infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, with strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains being isolated. Both linezolid and vancomycin showed high therapeutic efficacy against different types of nosocomial infections, ranging from 84.4% to 94% for Linezolid and 76.9% to 90% for Vancomycin. Studies have reported that despite adverse events, antimicrobials can be administered for the treatment of nosocomial infections caused by resistant Gram- positive bacteria. Conclusion: Both linezolid and vancomycin have good efficacy in the treatment of resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections in hospitalized children, and linezolid was highlighted in terms of its pharmacological safety.
Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes pediátricos portadores de febre reumática atendidos em um Centro de Especialidades Médicas do Pará
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2021) Azevedo, Camila Pantoja; Lima, Gabriela Elenor dos Santos; Cavalcante, Erica Gomes do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6296398919595807
Introduction: Rheumatic fever consists of a non-suppurative inflammatory process resulting from an immune response to pharyngotonsillitis caused by beta-hemolytic A streptococcus and affects mainly developing countries. Arthritis is the most common clinical manifestation, followed by carditis, which is the manifestation of the worst prognosis, fever is a common symptom at the beginning of the acute condition. The diagnosis is based on the Jones criteria, requiring the presence of two major criteria or one major and two minor criteria. The main way to avoid its complications is through prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin G lasting for years, varying according to the degree of involvement. Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile of pediatric patients with rheumatic fever in a Center of Medical Specialties in Pará. Method: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out, with a quantitative assessment of 17 medical records of patients with rheumatic fever at the Pediatric Rheumatology outpatient clinic from January 2017 to October 2020. Results: Patients with rheumatic fever correspond to 5.10% of the total number of patients attended at the Pediatric Rheumatology outpatient clinic. Of the total, 10 patients were male and 7 female. In addition, 10 were 10 years old or older. As for socioeconomic conditions, 70.6% lived in a brick house, and this same percentage lived in an urban area and 47.1% had a family income equal to or less than 1 minimum wage. No patient reported similar cases in the family. As for clinical manifestations, fever was found in 88.2% of cases, arthritis in 58.8%, mild carditis in 47.1%, Syndeham's chorea in 35.3%, erythema marginatum in 35.3%, migratory arthralgia in 29.4% and subcutaneous nodules in 29.4%. Also, 58.8% arrived at the clinic with the diagnosis. The most frequent reasons for referral were rheumatic fever (7), carditis (5) and Syndeham's chorea (5). The most requested initial exams were blood count (13), ESR (13), PCR (13) and ASLO (12). After starting follow-up at the outpatient clinic, 100% of the patients received treatment with benzathine penicillin G. Conclusion: In this research, mainly male, brown patients, from the countryside and with an average age of 10 years, were affected. The most common clinical manifestations were fever, carditis and arthritis. The most requested initial tests were blood count, ESR, CRP and ASLO and the median time between the first manifestation and the diagnosis was 2 months. Five patients interrupted prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin G and two patients presented recurrence.