Navegando por Assunto "Neoliberalismo"

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A previdência social e a organização neoliberal do mercado de trabalho: a perspectiva brasileira e uma comparação com o México
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023-09-04) Martins Bisneto, Evandro Borges; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Menezes, Daniel Francisco Nagão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101655062938301; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769
How do the neoliberal changes observed in the Brazilian labor market impact the model of social security constitutionally adopted in the country? This is the central question of this dissertation, which has the general objective of understanding how the neoliberal changes observed in the Brazilian labor market impact the constitutionally adopted model of social security in the country. The hypothesis for the problem is that the neoliberal changes in the organization of the labor market produce a high degree of informality and, with that, undermine the current protective and financial social security logic. To develop the research, a predominantly qualitative approach was adopted, of an applied nature, with descriptive objectives and bibliographic and documentary procedures, and also with the aid of the science of Comparative Law, using, in its sphere of research, the comparative method of functional type, complemented by the contextualized and historical type, by the modality of microcomparison between the social security systems of Brazil and Mexico, justifying this country being compared because there is similarity and convergence of the problematic and resolving functionality, respectively. The analysis is divided into three sections, which make up the specific objectives of this research. The first proposes to analyze social security as a constitutional instrument of social protection and its current situation in the face of the crisis culture. The second seeks to understand neoliberal rationality with impacts in the labor market and its implications for social security, especially in view of the increase in informal work. The third aims to seek a reflective critique of the situation studied by looking at the Mexican social security system, through Comparative Law. In final considerations, the hypothesis is reflexively confirmed that the neoliberal changes in the organization of the labor market produce a high level of informality and that, with this, undermine the current protective and financial social security logics, finding in Comparative Law some inspirations for alternatives to the impasse, but, above all, paths not to be taken.
A renda básica como política social universal e incondicional: um caminho para a erradicação básica da pobreza no Brasil em um cenário marcado pela racionalidade neoliberal
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023) Aguilera, Raissa Maria Fernandez Nascimento; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Verbicaro, Loiane da Ponte Souza Prado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4100200759767576
This dissertation aims to contribute to the improvement of dialogue on basic income, notably regarding its role in the eradication of poverty. Its objective is to analyze how the implementation of universal and unconditional basic income can contribute to the eradication of poverty in Brazil, in a scenario marked by neoliberal rationality. To do so, it seeks to answer the following question: how can the implementation of basic income contribute to the eradication of poverty in Brazil, in a scenario marked by neoliberal rationality? The study starts from the hypothesis that, despite existing criticisms, the basic income policy is capable of contributing to the fight against poverty in Brazil, provided that it is applied in conjunction with other existing social policies. For this purpose, it resorted to the hypothetical-deductive method, which seeks the answer to the research problem from this hypothesis, adopting a qualitative approach, based on a bibliographical and documentary research, and having as main theoretical references Amartya Sen (2010) and Laval (2018) and Parijs and Vanderborght (2018). This research is divided into an introduction, four development sections and, finally, the final considerations. In the first section, it is demonstrated, from a historical and legal perspective, that Brazil is dominated by neoliberal rationality, which controls and dictates the economic, social, political and legal rules of the country. This research adopts Foucault's view of neoliberal rationality, understanding it as a governmental rationality that influences the decision-making of those who govern and those who are governed. In addition, a methodological analysis of the concept of poverty used is carried out, based on the concept of economist Amartya Sen (2010), according to which it is not only the income that determines who is poor, but also the inability of people to accomplish things they value due to social, political and economic restrictions. The second section presents a history of social policies within a capitalist economic context, especially income transfer already adopted in Brazil, in order to demonstrate that these policies are, as a rule, focused and precarious and use monetary criteria to define their target audience, causing the unfair exclusion of several citizens. The third section, in turn, presents the concept of basic income and the state of the art of matter. The concept used, predominantly, is the development by Parijs and Vanderborght (2018), in which the basic income is characterized by the absence of obligations, regardless of the domestic and professional situation of those assisted, and is, therefore, an individual right, without obligation and universal; in this context, payment must be made, preferably, in kind to the beneficiaries. Finally, the fourth section of development analyzes whether universal and unconditional basic income is a viable instrument, together with other social policies, to combat poverty. It is concluded that, within a scenario marked by neoliberal rationality, basic income is an escape route from poverty, capable of guaranteeing protection for the subjectivity of its beneficiaries and ensuring a way out of food insecurity and pauperization without stigma, if applied in conjunction with other existing social policies.
Cracolândia, racismo de estado e neoliberalismo: uma abordagem foucaultiana
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019-06-17) Rodrigues, Ana Bárbara Bentes; Lima Filho, Eduardo Neves; Azevedo, Thiago Augusto Galeão de
This work had as an immediate objective to understand to what extent State Racism manifested itself in Cracolândia located in the Center of São Paulo. It was analyzed the function of crack users within Biopolitics and how the compulsory hospitalization institute was used as an instrument of social hygiene.In addition, a relationship of interdependence between the Security Mechanisms, the Biopolitical System and State Racism was evidenced, since it was verified the application of a technique capable of assassinating a certain social group, with the justification of constituting itself as a risk to the good functioning of society, since it is considered the manifestation of the most repulsive elements within the society.It was a monograph, coming from a bibliographical research of description of the doctrinal positions on the proposed subject. To fulfill this purpose, some sources of information were used, especially books, scientific articles and journalistic articles. In this research, it was analyzed how the Cracolândia can be studied starting from a biopolitical context. Then, it was investigated how the security, based on the culture of the fear was used as pillar to move neoliberal conducts was present from the analysis of the concept of scapegoats presented by Jock Young and of the presentation of the neoliberal governmentalality elaborated by Michel Foucault.Finally, State Racism was demonstrated as an application of a social sanitation of crack users in the city of São Paulo, executed through the exclusionary discourses proposed by neoliberal rulers and truculent police actions.
Decisões judiciais e alfinetes: o poder judiciário brasileiro deduzido da política judiciária oficial
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020) Velloso Filho, Gabriel Napoleão; Simões, Sandro Alex de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2124140489726435; Verbicaro, Loiane da Ponte Souza Prado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4100200759767576; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neyrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356
More than ten years after the introduction of the policy of goals by the National Council of Justice, there are few investigations about the public policy outlined for the Judiciary and investigations are rare as to whether the evaluation methods correspond to an authentic diagnosis of the effectiveness of the judiciary, taking as axiological vectors effective judicial protection and the preservation of fundamental rights. Given the absence of self-assessment instruments and the obsessive reduction of the role of the Judiciary to an almost industrial unit of decisions, which is self-justifying in numerical productivity, it is necessary to investigate the consequences of adopting this assessment metric, its potential and itslimitations. It is concluded that, due to the technobureaucratic profile adopted and the self-referential evaluation criteria, a specific and singular efficiency model is encouraged, which favors purely quantitative measurement, within a neoliberal model that approaches the anthropomorphized expression of the corporate ideal. Bibliographic research and survey of administrative jurisprudence and legal normative sources were used, as well as resolution and documents of the National Council of Justice.
Democracia, neoliberalismo e crise humanitária: a legitimidade de políticas anti-imigração e seus efeitos à ordem democrática
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019-06-14) Furlan, Maria Luiza Favacho; Verbicaro, Loiane Prado; Bentes, Natália Mascarenhas Simões
The objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between neoliberalism, democracy and human rights, in a context of a humanitarian crisis in which there is an increase in the flow of migrants and refugees around the globe, highlighting a challenging scenario for countries that, although they consider themselves democratic, are not capable of maintaining the institutional commitments arising from the choice of this political system. In this perspective, the research seeks to treat neoliberalism as the foundation of anti-immigration policies, in the light of the idea that this ideological current is a form of social regulation that seeks to annul individuality in favor of standardizing citizens to market interests, which allows the legitimation of these measures in the social scene. In addition, the paper focuses on the political ascension tendency of outsiders in recent years, such as Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro, who, aware of the political dissatisfaction of the elites with the attendance of governments to minority groups, including immigrants, seek to institutionalize the political upheaval and the ethnic rivalry between peoples, from the negation of the other and the differences, in an egocentric valorization of nationalism and the search for the reconstruction of the national identity, leading to beliefs about the end or about a rupture of democracy. Finally, it is understood that although anti-immigration policies do in fact cause institutional tension in democratic orders, democracy has always shown a laudable ability to manage crisis circumstances, and it is therefore believed that this political regime will survive the waves of conservatism which are exposed, although probably not unharmed.
Neoliberalismo e a ameaça aos direitos sociais: o trabalho sob demanda na plataforma Uber e a intensificação neoliberal no contexto do capitalismo digital
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023) Crispino, Antônio Pedro Ferreguete; Mendes Filho, Sérgio Fiuza de Mello; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8831943449726262
This study analyzes neoliberal intensification in the context of digital capitalism, focusing on the impacts on working conditions and the repercussions of the work method adopted by the company, nicknamed work on demand. The objective is to investigate the impacts of this new working method, analyzing through sociologists and philosophers the influence of the neoliberal agenda on this impoverishment of working conditions. To this end, the research examines the capitalist history seeking to understand the ways adopted by the company to evade labor obligations, considering the exponential technological advance, as well as investigating working conditions in a contemporary context of implementation of neoliberal rationality, finally, address the methods used by the company such as lobbying and jurimetrics, considering how maintaining the current understanding affects the minimum status of the worker, leading to the intensification of social disparity in the contemporary context. The article concludes that it is necessary to make the debate about the phenomenon of uberization public, with the aim of stopping the definitive withdrawal of labor guarantees. This is basic research, with a qualitative approach and exploratory objectives, using the hypotheticaldeductive method and a bibliographic and documentary analysis of the topic.
O agravamento da crise dos refugiados em tempos de neoliberalismo e a ressignificação do papel do Estado
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019-12) Mello Neto, Ridivan Clairefont de Souza; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; Verbicaro, Loiane da Ponte Souza Prado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4100200759767576; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Bentes, Natália Mascarenhas Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7841149596245216; Martins, Ricardo Evandro Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0592012548046002
This dissertation discusses the weakening of the implementation of social policies and the marginalization of vulnerable groups such as refugees, due to the advance of neoliberalismo and the negation of State provision of fundamental rights through social policies. We analyze the individual-State relationship of foreign groups in Brazil and the legal treatment given to them to show the absence of their effective reception and inclusion. The reasons for refugees should be seen as a vulnerable group that demands state protection. The question then arises as the imposition of neoliberal rationality affects the promotion of social policies for this group and changes the relations between individual, state and society, implying a process of de-democratization in the face of the lack of commitment to the concretization of citizenship in its social aspect. It is argued that the establishment of the neoliberal model transforms the purpose of the State's existence and alters this relationship, resulting in a reduction in the promotion of universal social policies to guarantee fundamental rights and promote citizenship of refugees. It is concluded that neoliberalism, by deconstructing the sense that it is up to the State to correct inequalities and imposing economic logic as a criterion of public policy decisions, alters understandings about citizenship and the universality of rights associated with these policies.
O trabalho em condições precárias na catação de resíduos sólidos em Belém/PA: uma análise sob a ótica da racionalidade neoliberal
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2024) Bentes, Tiago Rafael Xerfan; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769
This research aims to answer the following question: how could neoliberal rationality have contributed to the precarious working conditions of solid waste collectors in Belém/PA? We will work with the hypothesis that this collaboration occurred to the extent that the Brazilian legal system, influenced by neoliberal rationality, created a favorable scenario for the costs of the activity to be transferred to the collector and borne by him, which freed the State from guaranteeing the decent work to the category. Regarding the general objective, we intend to identify whether neoliberal rationality contributes to the fact that solid waste collectors, despite their demands, do not have decent working conditions. The research focuses on three specific objectives: as for the first, we intend to investigate the solid waste management system and the recycling of this waste in Belém do Pará. As for the second, we intend to analyze how neoliberalism and neoliberal rationality have collaborated so that the State refrains from guaranteeing decent work to solid waste collectors and from creating public policies that support their work, given its essentiality to the community. In the third, we intend to analyze how the State could ensure decent working conditions for solid waste collectors. The research has a qualitative approach, is exploratory and uses bibliographic and documentary sources. The analyzes indicate that collectors work under unworthy conditions, and that the laws applicable to the category, in addition to being based on a neoliberal rationality, exempt the State from the duty to guarantee decent work, a commitment to which Brazil assumed when it became a signatory of the Agenda 2030 and when it adhered to the Sustainable Development Goals. In the end, the analyzes also indicate that the promotion of decent work for collectors in Belém is possible, as long as it is accompanied by restructuring and a change in the way solid waste is managed in the city.