Navegando por Assunto "Medicamento"

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Desoneração fiscal sobre os medicamentos e as propostas de emenda constitucional em trâmite no congresso nacional: uma análise em prol da consolidação do direito fundamental à saúde no Brasil
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019-06-03) Ayres, Yasmin Corrêa; Pamplona, Karla Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5228348047968891; Silveira, Alexandre Coutinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7902423151331560
According to the Federal Constitution and the National Tax Code, taxes are compulsory payments made by the taxpayer of a tax obligation, which are totally linked to the human being's need to live in society, since they finance that the human being lives. It turns out that Brazil has one of the highest tax burdens on products, services and other factors, such as medicines. This should be repaired or controlled, with the purpose of preserving the right of access to health of the Brazilian population, given the global nature of the health problems they face, as well as ensuring the existential minimum of each family that uses private health, due to quality of public health. Faced with the constitutional guarantee, both of taxation and the right of access to health, there must be a balance between them, when a fundamental guarantee is violated. In this scenario, it is worth highlighting the actions of the Proposed Amendments to the Federal Constitution that will be cited throughout this monograph, which are being structured so as to include, in the fight against the infamous tax burden on medicines, as well as the guarantee of access to health in Brazil. The research investigates the limits of the tax incidence in the country, to develop forms of relief on essential goods aimed at the achievement of good public and private health management and the global guarantee of access to health.
Endocrinopatias em pacientes oncológicos tratados com imunobiológicos
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2021) Rodrigues, Márcia Maine Cardoso; Alves, Matheus Sousa; Caldato, Milena Coelho Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9477878606835309
Introduction: Immunotherapy consolidates immuno-oncology as an important therapeutic component in the fight against several types of cancer. They are drugs that modulate the immune system, enabling an adequate response to the disease and avoiding mechanisms of tumor evasion. Among the drugs most used in this immunotherapy, there are monoclonal antibodies that inhibit CTLA- 4 and PD-1 inhibitors. However, its own mechanisms of action predispose to imbalance in the regulation of immunological pathways, constituting an important adverse effect of this therapy, resulting in immune-mediated toxicity to organs and tissues, which manifests itself in gastrointestinal, hepatic, cutaneous and endocrine alterations, such as hypophysitis, thyroid diseases, primary adrenal insufficiency and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To describe endocrine and metabolic abnormalities found during the use of immunotherapy to oncological diseases. Methodology: Medical records of cancer patients with more than eighteen years old in immunotherapy were selected in two oncology services in the city of Belém - Pará. Data were collected from June 2020 to March 2021, using questionnaires developed by the researchers of this study, containing the following variables aimed to identify endocrine abnormalities in this population: age; sex; diagnosis; immunobiological in use; time of treatment; frequently reported symptoms; dosage of LH, FSH, estradiol, testosterone, prolactin, TSH, free T4, ACTH, cortisol, IGF-1, GH, fasting glucose level, sodium and potassium. Results: In the two oncology services participating in this research, twenty- seven patients were using immune checkpoint inhibitors and had their medical records analyzed. However, only five medical records met the necessary inclusion criteria for this study. In this series of cases, the patients were on immunotherapy with pembrolizumab and nivolumab, for periods varying between 8 and 144 weeks. Of these, only two had clinical complaints that could be related to signs of endocrinopathies. In the analysis of laboratory tests, one patient presented changes in thyroid hormones, three patients presented changes in the gonadal axis and three patients presented changes in blood glucose. Conclusion: The clinical pattern suggestive of endocrinopathies did not appear uniformly in all exposed cases, even diverging from the pattern classically reported in previous studies. In this study, among the evaluated patients were found: glycemic alterations, thyroid dysfunction, increased levels of gonadotropins and increased estradiol. Among these, only thyroid dysfunction is commonly reported in the literature. It is essential that the clinical team responsible for the therapeutic follow-up of these patients adequately follow the recommendations for the early identification of immunomediated adverse events related to the endocrine system.