Navegando por Assunto "Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2"

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Alterações auditivas no Diabetes Mellitus
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019) Lima, Arthur Felipe Maciel de; Hamamura, Rubens Yuji; Rocha, Vanessa Campos Couto da; Nunes, Leonardo Mendes Acatauassú; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3512764081076675; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1897095774561517
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition with a potential to injure several organs, such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, nerves, and brain. Therefore, it is possible that these anatomopathological changes due to hyperglycemia may also alter the organs responsible for hearing. This work was carried out to investigate and establish a correlation between Diabetes Mellitus and reduction of auditory acuity, based on the investigation of the hearing threshold and cochlear function of the patients included in the study. This is an observational, analytical, case-control study in which the patients were selected through a chart analysis of the Endocrinology service of the CESUPA Medical Specialties Center. The sample consisted of (10) patients with diabetes mellitus and (10) patients in the control group, regardless of sex, between 18 and 70 years of age, and the study was performed from October 2018 to January 2019. In the present study it was verified that 100% of the hearing losses were of bilateral sensorineural character, with predominance in females aged between 60-70 years, in the case group. Diabetes mellitus type 2 was predominant, corresponding to 90% of the sample in the case group. 60% of the patients observed had DM for more than 10 years; The most prevalent hearing loss was observed in the frequencies of 6 and 8 kHz (70% in both frequencies). The results of the Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) exam showed that 10% of the patients in the case group had absent emissions in the left ear and 20% had the same result in the right ear. Among the members of the control group, the percentage of patients with absence of emissions for both the left and right ears is 20%. These results suggest that hearing loss may be related to the metabolic, neurological and circulatory repercussions of Diabetes Mellitus. This fact underscores the importance of the development of researches both for the early diagnosis of Diabetes and for a more solid investigation of the impact on the hearing of patients with the disease.
Análise dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de fragilidade óssea em pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos no Centro de Especialidades Médicas do CESUPA
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2022) Oliveira, Ana Clara Moura de; Medeiros, Luma de Melo; Lima, Glauce Leão; Araújo, Fernando Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6048529625820449; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7526159894502830
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with high worldwide prevalence. Type 2 diabetes patients are at risk of developing several complications, with bone fragility being the most recently reported. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass, which predisposes to fragility fractures, being the gold standard method for its diagnosis the bone densitometry exam. The influence of diabetes on bone has multifactorial etiology, requiring further studies to make this relationship more consistent. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the presence of risk factors associated with the development of bone fragility and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetic patients treated at the “Centro de Especialidades Médicas do CESUPA” (CEMEC), and also generate an educational product with the purpose of guidance and health promotion, for use in the specialty medical clinics. METHODOLOGY: A cross- sectional, observational and analytical-descriptive study was carried out, based on an interview with the application of a specific questionnaire to patients treated at the “Centro de Especialidades Médicas do Cesupa” (CEMEC), and also an analysis of laboratorial and image exams that were contained in the medical records. RESULTS: A sample of 80 patients was used, being 72,5% female and aged between 51-70 years (58,8%). Most (52,5%) had been diagnosed with diabetes for more than 10 years, 70% had fasting glucose <150mg/dL and 77,5% had glycated hemoglobin levels below 8,5%. Among the 80 patients surveyed, 48,8% referred to be a former smoker in the past and 16,3% reported chronic use of corticosteroids. Most (66,3%) related using antidiabetic drugs with an impact on bone metabolism, 8,8% reported previous fragility bone fractures and 26,4% of the fifty-three patients with target-organ lesions had diabetic neuropathy. Those who underwent bone densitometry corresponded to 42,5%, of whom 28,8% received the densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis. Most (46,3%) individuals had an average fracture risk calculated by FRAX®. CONCLUSION: There was a significant association between previous fragility fracture, smoking and chronic use of corticosteroids with increased risk of fracture. Bone fragility should be considered a complication of diabetes, and the design of prevention and screening strategies is essential, in addition to spreading information to patients about their disease and ways to improve its control.
O impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 no perfil clínico dos pacientes diabéticos atendidos no Centro de Especialidades Médicas do Cesupa no ambulatório de hiperdia durante o período de 2019 a 2021
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2022) Covre, Paula Mendonça; Cavaléro, Talyssa Melo de Sousa; Bastos, Fabíola de Arruda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9386935778704228
Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is a chronic disease resulting from a state of hyperglycemia and peripheral insulin resistance, which gained notoriety during the COVID-19 pandemic because it is a comorbidity of risk for the development of this infection, as well as other chronic diseases. Consequently, the control of glycemic levels of diabetic patients faced obstacles embedded by the chaotic scenario that developed in the pandemic period, such as: social isolation, decreased supply of basic health services, difficulty in accessing consultations and elective procedures. Therefore, it is important to conduct a study that analyzes the change in the clinical profile of diabetic patients during the pandemic period. To leverage data that translates the change in the clinical profile of diabetic patients followed at the Hiperdia outpatient clinic of the Center for Medical Specialties of CESUPA (CEMEC) in the period of 2019 to 2021. This is a descriptive cross-sectional analytical study conducted by collecting data from medical records provided by the Center for Medical Specialties of CESUPA (CEMEC). Regarding the epidemiological profile, the majority are female (63.9%) aged 60 to 89 years (57.4%). Regarding the anthropometric variables analyzed, weight and BMI, no significant changes were found, both in BMI (p=0.124), or weight (p=0.244), between 2019 and 2020; between 2020 and 2021, there were also not many changes. In the present study, when comparing the number of drugs between 2019 and 2020, there was an increase (Mean ± SD:1.5 ± 0.7 vs 1.7 ± 0.8; P=0.050). Regarding the number of tablets, there was also an increase between 2019 and 2020 (Mean ± SD: 3.5 ± 1.7 vs 3.9 ± 1.7; P<0.001). Between 2020 and 2021, the number of medicines did not differ significantly (p=0.881) nor the number of tablets (p=0.814). It was possible to observe that the daily dose of metformin between 2019 and 2020 showed an increase (Mean ± SD: 1607.5 mg ± 686.5 mg vs 1761.3 mg ± 673.8 mg; P=0.019). Regarding laboratory tests, between 2019 and 2020 there was low difference between fasting blood glucose values (Mean ± SD: 134.4 ± 37.4 vs 144.2 ± 59.3; P=0.348), postprandial glycemia (Mean ± SD: 177.0 ± 76.7 vs 154.8 ± 40.3; P=0.384) and glycated hemoglobin (Mean ± SD: 7.0 ± 1.3 vs 6.9 ± 2.4; P=0.315). Before these results, it is possible to conclude that during the pandemic there was an adjustment in the therapeutic plan of the followed-up patients, with an increase in the number of medications and tablets. In addition, most patients improved glycemic levels by fasting glycemia, postprandial glycemia and glycated hemoglobin. Thus, it is ensured that this work is of great value, because it is found that despite the obstacles faced by patients during the pandemic, diabetes control was achieved.