Navegando por Assunto "Desenvolvimento sustentável"

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A concessão de crédito bancário e o desenvolvimento regional socioambiental: uma análise sobre a aplicação do Pronaf na Amazônia (2014 a 2017) e os efeitos da PRSA
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020) Amador, Joseane do Socorro de Sousa; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3383269305393137; Dias, Jean Carlos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3343295176890460; Mattos Neto, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
Public Policies for economic development in the Amazon need to be compatible with environmental protection norms aiming not only at preserving a healthy environment but also at preserving jobs and income in the region. The research has the problem of investigating the extent to which PRSA may have contributed to the reduction of FNO contracts in the Legal Amazon, in the PRONAF financing line, in the period from 2014 to 2017. The general objective of the study is to contribute to the affirmation of the policy granting credit in the Amazon and delimits three specific objectives: 1) to analyze the participation of the government in the banking sector as a tool of public policy and development; 2) to analyze the data that prove the reduction of the investment of resources in the PRONAF credit line (2014/2017) and the types of risk for the granting of credit in the banking sector and 3) to analyze the impact of PRSA in the granting of credit in the Amazon through PRONAF. It adopts the deductive approach method, together with the monographic procedure method and the indirect documentation research technique. It concludes that when it was instituted by Resolution No. 4,327 / 2014, PRSA was implemented by financial institutions through environmental risk, which generated a decrease in PRONAF applications in the Legal Amazon. Thus, the application of PRSA can be considered as an event that contributed to the reduction of applications of federal PRONAF resources, without, however, eliminating other elements, factors and political, economic and social reasons that, equally, may have contributed to the reduction in the application of these resources. It is also concluded that it is necessary that the Financial Institutions that work with the application of Federal resources for the regional development assume the commitment to protect the environment, while fulfilling their primary function of granting credit to develop the regions covered by the Funds Constitutional.
A importância da tributação sobre a mineração para o desenvolvimento sustentável: uma discussão da tributação mineral de competência do estado do Pará
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023) Zocatelli, Vitória Mota; Tupiassú, Lise Vieira da Costa; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5599627735526045; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769; Silveira, Alexandre Coutinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7902423151331560
The state of Pará has great relevance in the global supply of ores, such as iron, gold, bauxite, copper, nickel and kaolin, among many others produced there. The expressive reserves of mineral goods contribute to the country appearing as an important player in the international mineral market. However, the benefits for society do not occur in the same magnitude, taking in consideration the development indices of the state. One of the ways to reflect on the subject is to discuss taxation, since a fair tax collection can be understood as a consideration by individuals for the exploitation of this wealth, which is public. Thus, the objective of this dissertation is to elaborate a descriptive study on aspects of mineral taxation in the context of the State of Pará. The research uses the deductive method and the bibliographic procedure, as well as the analysis of documents from sources such as the National Mining Agency, the Brazilian Mining Institute and the Fiscal Justice Institute. It was concluded that the main characteristics of mineral taxation in the State of Pará are related to the exemption brought by the Kandir Law and the discussion around the TFRM, resulting in a low participation in the income from this wealth, when compared to the prominence that the sector has in the state, to the private profits of the mining companies, and with the return that could be generated for the federative entity, such as the development of the region, through the generation of jobs and creation of industries, for example. Thus, the study suggests that the state can expand its collection base, with smaller subsidies, mainly for companies with high profitability, since the tax regime must be able to support private sector investment, ensuring, at the same time, the maximization of economic, environmental and social benefits for its population, advancing in the guarantee of basic fundamental rights.
A integração dos sistemas de gestão do espaço territorial rural como política pública de desenvolvimento sustentável
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020-09-27) Santos, Kátia Borges dos; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3383269305393137; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Treccani, Girolamo Domenico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319696853704535
The study aims to highlight the integrated management of rural territorial space as a public policy necessary for sustainable development based on the analysis of rural territorial management instruments used in the country. The approach seeks to assess the extent to which the lack of integration of information systems in rural territorial planning compromises development and what are the possible alternatives for integration. The research involves three specific objectives. The first specific objective was to identify the premises that determine a public policy aimed at territorial governance and what implications these have for the country's sustainable development. The second specific objective is to identify and map the territorial management instruments in force in Brazilian legislation, in their environmental, land and registry aspects. Finally, the third specific objective presents a suggestion for the integration of the identified systems and correlates information of an environmental and social nature that do not yet have control and access to civil society. As for the methodology used, it is an exploratory and descriptive research, gathering information about the systems used and their related legislation. For the discussion of the theme, the approach is qualitative and based on bibliographical and documental sources. It was concluded that the absence of an integrated territorial management system affects the construction of adequate long-term planning of rural territorial planning and that the various systems used in the country, in their cadastral, land, environmental, fiscal and registry aspects, need unification and intelligible tools for interoperability insofar as its use as a management tool favors coordinated actions aimed at achieving sustainable development in the country. And finally, as an alternative, a rural territorial management model suited to the Brazilian reality is necessary as an alternative for democratic management and planning.
A parceria entre empresa e comunidade tradicional no plano de manejo comunitário e familiar sustentável no estado do Pará
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019) Ribeiro, Ana Carolina Farias; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3383269305393137; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Benatti, José Héder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0592012548046002
The balance between economic exploitation and the conservation of forest resources is the great challenge of the Amazon Region today and, specifically, the State of Pará, to achieve sustainable development. The forest management plan and the community and Family management plan are instruments intended for the rational exploitation of forest resources, the former is subject to private initiative and the latter is traditional peoples and communities. However, in practice both have difficulties in implementation, either during the elaboration of forest management or in the direct execution by traditional communities in community management. What happens is that, because of these difficulties, companies seek to establish partnerships with communities, in order to achieve a better implementation of these policies, where such partnerships are signed through contracts, and in practice do not have the proper regulation, so we can find favorable and unfavorable situations for traditional peoples. The methodology of the work is applied, it was used bibliographic research and interviews at the Quilombo do Gurupá Remnants Association. The conclusion is that regulation is important to establish how contracts should be in the case of partnerships, so as to protect both parties and adopt conditions, where forms of empowerment of these communities are observed, encouraging their traditional mode of exploitation, thus contribute to sustainable development.
A pessoa com deficiência mental no brasil e o cumprimento das diretrizes da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e do objetivo do desenvolvimento sustentável 3 da ONU
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020) Nascimento, Gustavo Oliveira do; Braga, Luis Paulo Fernandes; Bentes, Natália Mascarenhas Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7841149596245216
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how Brazil face the mentally handicapped, who need more attention to enter society, exercise their main rights, such as obtaining quality treatments and mental health. In order to do so, the work points out - through bibliographical and jurisprudential research - the breaking of prejudice towards the disabled, rights acquired over the years at the international and national level. Is used the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, selecting the case of Damião Ximenes Lopes vs. Brazil, and the SDS 3 to demonstrate the situation of such a group within the Brazilian territory. From the legal analyses, even if there i s order in its respect, as internal legislation and international legislation, it is not sufficiently effective to ensure access to adequate treatment. It is concluded that Brazil does not give due attention to such problem in society, having several omissions to assist the focus group, making it impossible to improve the opportunity for treatment and its stagnation, and should form strategies to give better health conditions and rights to them, along with the fulfillment of the sentence in its entirety, thus making effective the real rights of the mentally disabled.
Análise da gestão ambiental e de qualidade dos resíduos numa indústria de confecção no interior do Pará: um estudo de caso
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2023) Von Paumgartten, Leonel Martins; Neves, Leonardo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4207171545094669; Oliveira, Márcia Cecília Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9031699274609496; Mendes, Marcelo Pinto da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3099832904134964
Currently, waste management and quality improvement have become a competitive factor for Brazilian companies. Having excellent quality and waste management can mean greater approval from their customers, leaving them more satisfied and gaining loyalty. Furthermore, this behavior contributes to improving the production process, as it reduces pollution and production costs, in addition to better disposing of waste. This work presents a case study carried out in a company from Pará, in the field of manufacturing men's, women's and children's underwear, and fitness fashion. Through interviews with the company's partners and on-site visits, the study aims to map the company's production process, identify the waste that is generated in this process, analyze the destination options that this waste has in order to minimize their environmental impact. Lastly, studying the company's environment and culture to make the implementation of a quality manual viable, bringing a new culture and beliefs focused on waste management to all sectors and employees of the company.
A certificação ambiental como instrumento de política tributária em busca do desenvolvimento sustentável
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2014) Cardoso, Dayanne Brenna Campos dos Santos; Merlin, Lise Vieira da Costa Tupiassu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5599627735526045; Scaff, Fernando Facury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3214760192523948; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356
This thesis is intended to study public policies that promote sustainable development in Brazil, considering the complexity of ecological problems in the Brazilian territory, which hinder the achievement of not only environmental sustainability, but also economic and social development. Most existing environmental instruments cannot cope with the ecological problem satisfactorily, which brings the necessity combination of two or more possible strategies. Considering the peculiarities of the Brazilian society, it is believed that the joint use of environmental taxation and ecocertification can be very positive. Trying to answer whether environmental certification can contribute to the construction of an environmentally oriented national tax policy, it was concluded that certification can be used as a parameter for the variation of the tax cost of products and / or services, so that the certified activities have a reduced tax cost, while not certified activities may have a surplus on its tax cost. Therefore, it is necessary to implement an environmental certification used throughout the national territory, in order to standardize the tax-environmental policies. Despite the need to create a National Tax and Environmental Certification in Brazil, this process cannot be immediate, since such a policy still needs to overcome some limitations.
Desenvolvimento rural da Amazônia oriental e Pronaf-Eco Dendê: reflexões sobre a política pública de incentivo à produção de biodiesel e à agricultura familiar no município de Tomé-Açu - PA
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2017) Santos, Ricardo Thomaz; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; Souza, Armando Lírio de; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante
This dissertation discusses the Program for Strengthening Family Eco-Agriculture for Palm (Pronaf Eco-Palm Oil) and its results for the worker in the Brazilian Amazon. Public policies such as focus encouraged the advancement of palm oil production (palm oil) in the region, and the Pará accounts for approximately 85% of national production. The overall objective of the research is to investigate what types of invigoration and development that palm oil production public policy for biofuels has led to family farmers, analyzing the Pronaf Eco-Palm. Tomé-Açu was elected as area of research, because the high participation of their farmers in that culture and the significant number of partnership agreements signed by this program. The palm culture has high participation in the local economy and good climate and soil conditions favor the development of palm oil palm and attracted large companies like Biopalma and Petrobras / Galp to the municipality. Its huge capacity made the city be chosen by the federal government to announce the Federal Program for Sustainable Palm Oil (PSOP), linked to the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB) in 2010, reflecting the government's efforts to leverage this chain in the Amazon. In this context, palm oil has emerged as a great hope for the family farmer. Public policy promised significant income improvements for the workers and announced it is sustainable. But we can say that there is the strengthening of family farming through the implementation of Pronaf Eco-Palm in Tomé-Açu? This is the problem to be investigated by the dissertation. The methodology involves bibliographic and documental procedures, and field research, with the completion of semi-structured interviews with farmers who signed contracts with the Pronaf Eco-Palm in Tomé-Açu. In the end, it was concluded that this line of financing of Pronaf, contrary to what it promises, has not, in the current molds, been able to bring economic, environmental and social development, generating losses to the farmers, such as the indebtedness due to the financing obtained, environmental damages, resulting mainly from the use of pesticides, In addition an increase in social inequalities was observed, with the enrichment of the companies linked to the program, instead of the farmer
Indicação geográfica e etnodesenvolvimento: um meio para a valorização do açaí das ilhas de Belém
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019) Paz, Melissa Mika Kimura; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769; Moreira, Eliane Cristina Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7471628624621314; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3383269305393137; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356
The development process implemented in Brazil did not observe its great diversity. The Amazon was considered a homogeneous territory, ready to be occupied by the capital, which, in most cases, imported the economic exploitation of the region at the expense of environmental and social damage. Among the social damages caused is the social, economic and cultural invisibility of the traditional communities living in the region, because although Brazil is currently considered a multiethnic and multicultural state, these ethnically differentiated groups have never been considered active agents of development. The adoption of the theory of ethnodevelopment, which prioritizes the preservation of the culture of traditional communities and their ability to guide their own development, seems to be a way to overcome the problem, as it seeks to value their knowledge, which applies to extraction and consumption of acai, whose production chain is one of the most profitable in the state. This research aims to analyze whether obtaining a geographical indication, which is a protection of intellectual property that links a product or service to its home territory, can be configured as an instrument for the development of the region, from the perspective of ethnodevelopment, especially for the Açai of the Belem Islands region. The specific objectives established are to present the development models implemented in Brazil, with emphasis on the Amazon; to defend the use of the theory of ethnodevelopment, which recognizes cultural diversity and seeks the active participation of traditional communities; demonstrate how geographical indication, through product enhancement and regional culture, contributes to development; and to analyze the possibility of registering the geographical indication of the Acai of Belém Islands. For this study, the hypothetical-deductive method was adopted, with bibliographic consultations and access to secondary data. In addition, a case study will be conducted on the production of acai in the Belem Islands. With this research, it is expected to contribute to the valorization of regional products and the protection of the culture of traditional communities.
O Fundo Municipal de Desenvolvimento Sustentável de Canaã dos Carajás: uma análise comparativa com fundo de royalties subnacionais à luz do princípio do desenvolvimento sustentável e da justiça intergeracional
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2022-02-22) Assunção, Marcos Venâncio Silva; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769; Enriquez, Maria Amélia Rodrigues da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3429911984896416
One of the biggest challenges for mineral-based economies is transforming the royalties into sustainable development, mitigating the activity’s negative externalities, and promoting equal access to the wealth represented by finite natural resources for future generations as well. The city of Canaã dos Carajás, in Pará, is an example. Despite the strength of mining and its positive results in terms of production, exportation and revenue, indicators of other dimensions, such as environmental and social, have proved to be not very encouraging and a great challenge for the public administration and society in general. The Municipal Sustainable Development Fund (FMDS) was created in 2016 (Municipal Law n. 753) aiming to boost the local economy and diversify the economic basis of the city, inspired by the model of Sovereign Wealth Funds - FSR. In this perspective, the dissertation has the general objective to investigate if this referred fund in Canaã dos Carajás has the characteristics of a subnational sovereign wealth fund for royalty management, and is able to promote sustainable development and the sharing of mining wealth in the city for future generations, in line with the constitutional corollary of guaranteeing intergenerational development and justice. The FMDS receives part of the CFEM collected in the city, and the hypothesis investigated shows that the FMDS, as a voluntary financial instrument, has a strategy with the potential to build a bridge between mining and sustainable development in the locality under study. The research is a case study, with a qualitative approach, based on bibliographic and documental review. A comparative analysis is carried out with other subnational funds, such as the Permanent School Fund of Texas, the Permanent Fund of Alaska, the Ilhabela Municipal Fund, the Maricá Municipal Fund, the Niterói Fund, the Espírito Santo State Fund, and the Itabira Fund. To this end, the parameters of the "Ex Ante" method of evaluating public policies are used, which check if it responds to a well-defined and relevant problem, the existence of a clear objective of State action, and if its design allows achieving the designed goal. The research concludes that although the FMDS has positive characteristics to promote the diversification of local productive activities, it offers low effectiveness if it is considered the main requirements for a fund to become a permanent instrument for generating development and propagating itself in the long term, for the benefit of the future generations.
O licenciamento socioambiental trabalhista como instrumento do desenvolvimento sustentável nos grandes projetos na Amazônia: o caso de Belo Monte
(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2020-04-27) Fernandes, Vanilson Rodrigues; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769; Reymão, Ana Elizabeth Neirão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7523845838580356; Fonseca, Luciana Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3383269305393137; Maranhão, Ney Stany Moraes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5894619075517595
This dissertation has as objective the investigation whether the current pattern of environmental licensing, especially on the large projects in the Amazon, contemplates aspects of the workplace, from the perspective of the 1988 Federal Constitution and on the spotlight of the ideal sustainable development. The present development model of the Region, the Brazilian environmental protection system and the Preliminary Environmental Impact Study and the Environmental Impact Report (PEIS/EIR) will be analyzed. There will be na examination from the PEIS/EIR review about Belo Monte Hydroelectric and the labor uprisings, that happened there, if that documents contemplated the impacts due to labor relationships. Facing the proposed problem will require an analysis of the concept of sustainable development under its socio-labor bias, with an emphasis on the workplace. That work intends to contribute to the improvement of enviromental licensing, especially into big constructions at the Amazon, on the moment that Brazilian Congress is discussing about create a general law for the matter, so that the procedure contemplates the workplace as na apect of the general enviroment. The research developed is theoretical, with a qualitative approach and the methodology adopted is the literature review.