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Item Direitos políticos-eleitorais das mulheres: sub-representação, financiamento e fraude nas políticas públicas(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2019-05-31) Oliveira, Pedro Henrique Costa de; Freitas, Juliana Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0679636700210902; Reis, Daniel Gustavo Falcão Pimentel dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4589353032538080; Carvalho Neto, Tarcísio Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6444976701043030The political rights of women are undeniably a category of human rights, resting solemnly on the main international treaties ratified by Brazil. In spite of the recognition of these rights, it is worth noting the female under-representation in the Brazilian Legislative Houses, in spite of representing the majority of the population and the electorate. With a view to encouraging female participation in politics and changing this framework, the ordinary legislator instituted so-called "gender quotas" in the lists of candidates for councilor and deputy (state and federal), obliging political parties and coalitions to respect the minimum percentage of the 30 per cent gender application since 1997. Since its implementation, the framework has hardly changed: Brazil continues to be one of the worst countries in the world in terms of women's representation in parliament. In this context, the dissertation aims to analyze the policy of affirmative action of electoral quotas of gender implemented in Brazil. It discusses the (in) effectiveness of the legal framework that regulates this public policy in the country, drawing attention to the cases of fraud perpetrated by the political parties themselves, in order to maintain the status quo of male hegemony in the political elite in Brazil. Considerable progress will be made in case-law promoted by the Federal Supreme Court and the Superior Electoral Court through cutting-edge judicial decisions on the subject, be it in the implementation of public policies to promote women's political participation or in the imposition of very serious penalties on parties that violate the mandatory observance of the gender quota, such as a cassation of an elective term and annulment of the votes obtained. Finally, it is pointed out that the regulation of an equitable distribution of financial resources to women candidates – with the imposition of sanctions on parties that fail to comply with these legal forecasts – coupled with the mandatory presence of women in the direction of party associations, may contribute to greater equality between men and women.Item Mulheres no mercado de trabalho no setor extrativista mineral no município de Canaã dos Carajás, estado do Pará(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2022) Souza, Alyne Marcely Fernandes de; Freitas, Juliana Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0679636700210902; Koury, Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5382551862867769; Machado, Raquel Cavalcanti Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3499098855052085This master's dissertation proposes a study on women in the labor market in the mineral extractive sector, in the municipality of Canaã dos Carajás, in the state of Pará (Brazil). The research aims to propose an investigation into adequate policies to encourage the inclusion, entry, permanence and professional growth of women in positions in this job niche. The issue is relevant, as it seeks to describe and address the issue of discrimination against women in the labor market, notably, in terms of dealing with complex issues involving the sexual and racial division of labor. The issue of (de)valuing the workforce from a gender perspective has been increasingly debated on the national scene. Although the Brazilian and international legal systems have laws and norms that deal with the fight against discrimination and violence against women, there is a growing need to combine this legal framework with the interdisciplinary relationship between Law, Economics, Politics and Development, in order to face of this malady, which is not just social. In view of this national conjuncture, the question arises of investigating the possible symbiosis of economic growth, produced by the mineral extractive sector, and human development, with regard to gender equality in this environment. It so happens that the implementation of this practice does not only involve legal aspects, but also the analysis of the local community, of tools of a feminist content that give women autonomy, considering that, due to the cultural load in our country, women would be doomed to maintain themselves. only in the domestic environment, focused on motherhood and care of the home and people. In this vein, there are worrying differences to the disadvantage of women in the analyzed labor market, making it necessary to identify this dimension of the sexual division of labor.Item Reflexões sobre a necessidade de políticas públicas de saúde e de atenção aos direitos humanos: um recorte sobre a invisibilização das mulheres do espaço prisional em Ananindeua-PA(Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, 2021) Cardoso, Márcio Eloy de Lima; Freitas, Juliana Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0679636700210902The present study has the theme of the invisibility of women deprived of liberty: reflections on public health policies in the State of Pará, due to the incidence of gender inequality existing in Brazilian society, subjecting women to a consequent disparity of treatment in several segments, among them not the Penitentiary System, which is rightly transsed by the violation of human dignity and fundamental rights, specifically to health. In this perspective, the study aims to understand the consequences of the invisibility of women deprived of liberty, to describe the reality of the experience of women with stories of deprivation of liberty in the Brazilian Penitentiary System in the State of Pará and to reflect on public health policies carried out in the Brazilian Penitentiary System. Bibliographic research of qualitative approach was adopted. Thus, it contextualizes in a historical way the figure of the woman in prison, showing the past and present of the prison in Pará. In the absence of specific legislation on women's issues, this study uses, with the exception of the Convention of Belém do Pará, international and national standards generally applied, such as the Mandela Rules, Bangkok Rules, the Criminal Enforcement Act – Law 7.210/1984, the Statute of children and adolescents, Bill 513 and Law 13,769/2018 and Special Progression of Regime, the Convention of Belém do Pará, Habeas Corpus No. 143,641/SP and, mainly, the Health Policies of the Brazilian Prison System for Women Deprived of Liberty. In summary, when analyzing the Brazilian internal legal system regarding the treatment of women in prison situations, it is perceived that although there are several regiments of laws and protective resolutions, todavia, there is no equivalence between the statement of legal and normative instruments with the reality that women deprive of freedom experience. The bars should not and cannot prevent the non-observance of this class of marginalized and raped female gender, where women live a real governmental disapproval and the sexist system, it is undoubtedly necessary to promote the visibility of women, ensure the effectiveness of public health policies and ensure their human dignity. This dissertation argues that, to solve these serious problems, it is necessary to include a gender approach in criminal and prison policies.