Controle Verde: o STF e o controle de constitucionalidade nas políticas públicas

Abstract

This dissertation examines the role of the Supreme Federal Court (STF) in Brazil's climate governance, focusing on how its decisions contribute to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 13 and 16. The research analyzes the “Green Agenda”, a set of STF rulings that address strategic environmental and climate issues, such as the allocation of funds for climate public policies, composition of councils, legislative changes that weaken environmental rights, and the participation of civil society in environmental governance. The research investigates how the STF has positioned itself in the face of the challenges of indirect climate litigation, driven by government inaction and pressure from civil society to ensure environmental protection and compliance with Brazil's climate commitments. The methodology used includes content analysis of the Green Agenda decisions, seeking to interpret the STF's legal arguments and identify patterns and trends in the ministers' votes. The research concludes that the judicialization of climate public policies plays an important role in Brazilian environmental governance, but still faces challenges and limitations. The STF has been a relevant actor in environmental protection, seeking to ensure compliance with constitutional norms and international commitments assumed by Brazil. However, it is essential to strengthen cooperation between the three branches of government, improve mechanisms for social participation, and overcome institutional barriers that hinder the implementation of effective climate policies.