Consumo alimentar de gestantes de alto risco: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Appropriate availability of nutrients and a balanced diet are essential for the gestational period (FERNANDES, 2019). Search in literature for results that discuss about the pattern of eating habits in high-risk pregnancy. A review research was made in the databases of MEDLINE (International Literature in Health Sciences); LILACS – Latin-American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences; Cochrane Collaboration PMC (PubMed Central); Scielo; Virtual Health Library (BVS) and Google Scholar. As an inclusion criterion, articles published in full, online, in Portuguese and English in the period from January 2015 to 2021, were selected. As exclusion criterion, articles not relevant to the research for the defined descriptors. At first, 151 articles were found, among those, 9 which met the research objective, were selected. From the results, it was possible to notice that eating habits influence the mother’s health during the gestational period, and also the baby’s health in a short or long term. The study allowed us to verify that the variety of articles covering the specific objectives of the research is relatively low, which are based on relating food consumption with the complications that arise during pregnancy and understanding the importance of nutritional status during this period. Among the articles found, the most mentioned complications were Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Pregnancy-Specific Hypertensive Disease (DHEG). Therefore, based on the assessment of these data, it is plausible to state that the presence of healthy eating habits during the gestational period are extremely important to prevent the development of gestational complications.